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Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a prefabricated solid engineered wood productmade of at least three orthogonally bonded layers of solid-sawn lumber that arelaminated by gluing longitudinal and transverse layers with structuraladhesives to form a solid panel. Previous studies have shown that the CLTbuildings can perform well in seismic loading and are recognized as theessential role of connector performance in structural design, modelling, andanalysis of CLT buildings. When CLT is composed of high-grade/high-densitylayers for the outer lamellas and low-grade/low-density for the core of thepanels, the CLT panels are herein designated as hybrid CLT panels as opposed toconventional CLT panels that are built using one lumber type for both outer andcore lamellas. This paper presents results of a testing program developed toestimate the cyclic performance of CLT connectors applied on hybrid CLT layups.Two connectors are selected, which can be used in wall-to-floor connections.These are readily available in the North American market. Characterization ofthe performance of connectors is done in two perpendicular directions under amodified CUREE cyclic loading protocol. Depending on the mode of failure, insome cases, testing results indicate that when the nails or screws penetratethe low-grade/low-density core lumber, a statistically significant differenceis obtained between hybrid and conventional layups. However, in other cases,due to damage in the face layer or in the connection, force-displacementresults for conventional and hybrid CLT layups were not statisticallysignificant.

Hysteretic behaviour of metal connectors for hybrid (high- and low-grade mixed species) cross laminated timber