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The electric field conjugation (EFC) algorithm has shown promise for removingscattered starlight from high-contrast imaging measurements, both in numericalsimulations and laboratory experiments. To prepare for the deployment of EFCusing ground-based telescopes we investigate the response of EFC to unaccountedfor deviations from an ideal optical model. We explore the linear nature of thealgorithm by assessing its response to a range of inaccuracies in the opticalmodel generally present in real systems. We find that the algorithm isparticularly sensitive to unresponsive deformable mirror (DM) actuators,misalignment of the Lyot stop, and misalignment of the focal plane mask.Vibrations and DM registration appear to be less of a concern compared tovalues expected at the telescope. We quantify how accurately one must modelthese core coronagraph components to ensure successful EFC corrections. Weconclude that while the condition of the DM can limit contrast, EFC may stillbe used to improve the sensitivity of high-contrast imaging observations. Ourresults have informed the development of a full EFC implementation using theProject 1640 coronagraph at Palomar observatory. While focused on a specificinstrument our results are applicable to the many coronagraphs that may beinterested in employing EFC.

Electric Field Conjugation for Ground Based High-Contrast Imaging: Robustness Study and Tests with the Project 1640 Coronagraph