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Action potentials are the basic unit of information in the nervous system andtheir reliable detection and decoding holds the key to understanding how thebrain generates complex thought and behavior. Transducing these signals intomicrowave field oscillations can enable wireless sensors that report on brainactivity through magnetic induction. In the present work we demonstrate thataction potentials from crayfish lateral giant neuron can trigger microwaveoscillations in spin-torque nano-oscillators. These nanoscale devices take asinput small currents and convert them to microwave current oscillations thatcan wirelessly broadcast neuronal activity, opening up the possibility forcompact neuro-sensors. We show that action potentials activate microwaveoscillations in spin-torque nano-oscillators with an amplitude that follows theaction potential signal, demonstrating that the device has both the sensitivityand temporal resolution to respond to action potentials from a single neuron.The activation of magnetic oscillations by action potentials, together with thesmall footprint and the high frequency tunability, makes these devicespromising candidates for high resolution sensing of bioelectric signals fromneural tissues. These device attributes may be useful for design ofhigh-throughput bi-directional brain-machine interfaces.

Activation of Microwave Fields in a Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillator by Neuronal Action Potentials