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Availability of abundant spectrum has enabled millimeter wave (mm-wave) as aprominent candidate solution for the next generation cellular networks. Highlydirectional transmissions are essential for exploitation of mm-wave bands tocompensate high propagation loss and attenuation. The directional transmission,nevertheless, necessitates a specific design for mm-wave initial celldiscovery, as conventional omni-directional broadcast signaling may fail indelivering the cell discovery information. To address this issue, this paperprovides an analytical framework for mm-wave beamformed cell discovery based onan information theoretical approach. Design options are compared consideringfour fundamental and representative broadcast signaling schemes to evaluatediscovery latency and signaling overhead. The schemes are then simulated underrealistic system parameters. Analytical and simulation results reveals four keyfindings: (i) For cell discovery without knowledge of beacon timing,analog/hybrid beamforming performs as well as digital beamforming in terms ofcell discovery latency; (ii) Single beam exhaustive scan optimize the latency,however leads to overhead penalty; (iii) Multi-beam simultaneous scan cansignificantly reduce the overhead, and provide the flexibility to achievetrade-off between the latency and the overhead; (iv) The latency and theoverhead are relatively insensitive to extreme low block error rates.

On the Beamformed Broadcast Signaling for Millimeter Wave Cell Discovery: Performance Analysis and Design Insight