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We study the equilibrium behavior in a multi-commodity selfish routing gamewith many types of uncertain users where each user over- or under-estimatestheir congestion costs by a multiplicative factor. Surprisingly, we find thatuncertainties in different directions have qualitatively distinct impacts onequilibria. Namely, contrary to the usual notion that uncertainty increasesinefficiencies, network congestion actually decreases when users over-estimatetheir costs. On the other hand, under-estimation of costs leads to increasedcongestion. We apply these results to urban transportation networks, wheredrivers have different estimates about the cost of congestion. In light of thedynamic pricing policies aimed at tackling congestion, our results indicatethat users' perception of these prices can significantly impact the policy'sefficacy, and "caution in the face of uncertainty" leads to favorable networkconditions.

Uncertainty in Multi-Commodity Routing Networks: When does it help?