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Cache attacks pose a threat to any code whose execution flow or memoryaccesses depend on sensitive information. Especially in public clouds, wherecaches are shared across several tenants, cache attacks remain an unsolvedproblem. Cache attacks rely on evictions by the spy process, which alter theexecution behavior of the victim process. We show that hardware performanceevents of cryptographic routines reveal the presence of cache attacks. Based onthis observation, we propose CacheShield, a tool to protect legacy code bymonitoring its execution and detecting the presence of cache attacks, thusproviding the opportunity to take preventative measures. CacheShield can be runby users and does not require alteration of the OS or hypervisor, whilepreviously proposed software-based countermeasures require cooperation from thehypervisor. Unlike methods that try to detect malicious processes, our approachis lean, as only a fraction of the system needs to be monitored. It alsointegrates well into today's cloud infrastructure, as concerned users can optto use CacheShield without support from the cloud service provider. Our resultsshow that CacheShield detects cache attacks fast, with high reliability, andwith few false positives, even in the presence of strong noise.

CacheShield: Protecting Legacy Processes Against Cache Attacks