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We suggest a novel approach for wide-field imaging of the neural networkdynamics of brain slices that uses highly sensitivity magnetometry based onnitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. In-vitro recordings in brain slicesis a proven method for the characterization of electrical neural activity andhas strongly contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms that governneural information processing. However, traditional recordings can only acquiresignals from a few positions simultaneously, which severely limits theirability to characterize the dynamics of the underlying neural networks. Wesuggest to radically extend the scope of this method using the wide-fieldimaging of the neural magnetic fields across the slice by means of NVmagnetometry. Employing comprehensive computational simulations and theoreticalanalyses, we characterize the spatiotemporal characteristics of the neuralmagnetic fields and derive the required key performance parameters of animaging setup based on NV magnetometry. In particular, we determine how thetechnical parameters determine the achievable spatial resolution for an optimalreconstruction of the neural currents from the measured field distributions.Finally, we compare the imaging of neural slice activity with that of a singleplanar pyramidal cell. Our results suggest that imaging of neural sliceactivity will be possible with the upcoming generation of NV magnetic fieldsensors, while imaging of the activity of a single planar cell remains morechallenging.

Opto-magnetic imaging of neural network activity in brain slices at high resolution using color centers in diamond