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It is not possible to detect a vacuum fluctuation without a test particleinteracting with the vacuum fluctuation in a measurable manner. In the quantumelectrodynamics calculation presented here, a photon traveling through thevacuum is used as the test particle to determine properties of the vacuumresulting from vacuum fluctuations. In particular, this article (1) discussesthe mathematical procedure for describing a lepton-antilepton bound state thatis a vacuum fluctuation, (2) describes the photon interacting with and beingincorporated into the bound state to form a quasi-stationary bound state, and(3) calculates the electromagnetic decay rate of the quasi-stationary boundstate.

Photon time delay resulting from vacuum fluctuations: the vacuum as a dielectric