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Humans use various social bonding methods known as social grooming, e.g. faceto face communication, greetings, phone, and social networking sites (SNS). SNShave drastically decreased time and distance constraints of social grooming. Inthis paper, I show that two types of social grooming (elaborate social groomingand lightweight social grooming) were discovered in a model constructed bythirteen communication data-sets including face to face, SNS, and Chacmababoons. The separation of social grooming methods is caused by a difference inthe trade-off between the number and strength of social relationships. Thetrade-off of elaborate social grooming is weaker than the trade-off oflightweight social grooming. On the other hand, the time and effort ofelaborate methods are higher than lightweight methods. Additionally, my modelconnects social grooming behaviour and social relationship forms with thesetrade-offs. By analyzing the model, I show that individuals tend to useelaborate social grooming to reinforce a few close relationships (e.g. face toface and Chacma baboons). In contrast, people tend to use lightweight socialgrooming to maintain many weak relationships (e.g. SNS). Humans withlightweight methods who live in significantly complex societies use varioussocial grooming to effectively construct social relationships.

Two Types of Social Grooming Methods depending on the Trade-off between the Number and Strength of Social Relationships