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Interactions between the constituents of a condensed matter system can driveit through a plethora of different phases due to many-body effects. A prominentplatform for this type of behavior is a two-dimensional electron system in amagnetic field, which evolves intricately through various gaseous, liquid andsolids phases governed by Coulomb interaction. Here we report on theexperimental observation of a phase transition between the Laughlin liquid ofcomposite fermions and the adjacent insulating phase of a magneticfield-induced Wigner solid. The experiments are performed in the lowest Landaulevel of a MgZnO/ZnO two-dimensional electron system with attributes of both aliquid and a solid. An in-plane magnetic field component applied on top of theperpendicular magnetic field extends the Wigner phase further into the liquidphase region. Our observations indicate the direct competition between a Wignersolid and a Laughlin liquid both formed by composite particles rather than bareelectrons.

Phase transition from a composite fermion liquid to a Wigner solid in the lowest Landau level of ZnO