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This study proposes a simple and efficient one-out-of-two quantum oblivioustransfer (QOT) protocol based on nonorthogonal states. The nonorthogonalproperty grants quantum bit immunity to some operations in order to achieve theirreversible goal of discarding a message, resulting in a one-out-of-twoselection effect. In addition, it can also prevent entangled cheating from anillegal agent. The resulting QOT protocol is therefore built directly onquantum resources, rather than on a two-level structure which must first createtwo classical keys using the quantum resources (all-or-nothing QOT), and thenbuild the one-out-of-two protocol from there. Furthermore, the proposedprotocol allows Alice to test Bob's loyalty by comparing the measurementresults. Moreover, the relationship with the no-go theorem is discussed indetail; this relationship is often overlooked in other studies. The no-gotheorem discussion and security analysis demonstrate that the proposed protocoldoes not belong to the no-go theorem constraint, and is secure against bothexternal and internal attacks. In addition, the efficacy analysis shows thatthe proposed protocol is more efficient than other two-level structureprotocols.

One-out-of-two Quantum Oblivious Transfer based on Nonorthogonal States