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We develop new optimization methodology for planning installation of FlexibleAlternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices of the parallel andshunt types into large power transmission systems, which allows to delay oravoid installations of generally much more expensive power lines. Methodologytakes as an input projected economic development, expressed through a pacedgrowth of the system loads, as well as uncertainties, expressed throughmultiple scenarios of the growth. We price new devices according to theircapacities. Installation cost contributes to the optimization objective incombination with the cost of operations integrated over time and averaged overthe scenarios. The multi-stage (-time-frame) optimization aims to achieve agradual distribution of new resources in space and time. Constraints on theinvestment budget, or equivalently constraint on building capacity, isintroduced at each time frame. Our approach adjusts operationally not onlynewly installed FACTS devices but also other already existing flexible degreesof freedom. This complex optimization problem is stated using the most generalAC Power Flows. Non-linear, non-convex, multiple-scenario and multi-time-frameoptimization is resolved via efficient heuristics, consisting of a sequence ofalternating Linear Programmings or Quadratic Programmings (depending on thegeneration cost) and AC-PF solution steps designed to maintain operationalfeasibility for all scenarios. Computational scalability and application of thenewly developed approach is illustrated on the example of the 2736-nodes largePolish system. One most important advantage of the framework is that theoptimal capacity of FACTS is build up gradually at each time frame in a limitednumber of locations, thus allowing to prepare the system better for possiblecongestion due to future economic and other uncertainties.

Methodology for Multi-stage, Operations- and Uncertainty-Aware Placement and Sizing of FACTS Devices in a Large Power Transmission System