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Conventional fracture data collection methods are usually implemented onplanar surfaces or assuming they are planar; these methods may introducesampling errors on uneven outcrop surfaces. Consequently, data collected onlimited types of outcrop surfaces (mainly bedding surfaces) may not be asufficient representation of fracture network characteristic in outcrops.Recent development of techniques that obtain DOMs from outcrops and extract thefull extent of individual fractures offers the opportunity to address theproblem of performing the conventional sampling methods on uneven outcropsurfaces. In this study, we propose a new method that performs outcrop fracturecharacterization on suppositional planes cutting through DOMs. Thesuppositional plane is the best fit plane of the outcrop surface, and thefracture trace map is extracted on the suppositional plane so that the fracturenetwork can be further characterized. The amount of sampling errors introducedby the conventional methods and avoided by the new method on 16 uneven outcropsurfaces with different roughnesses are estimated. The results show that theconventional sampling methods don't apply to outcrops other than beddingsurfaces or outcrops whose roughness > 0.04 m, and that the proposed method cangreatly extend the types of outcrop surfaces for outcrop fracturecharacterization with the suppositional plane cutting through DOMs.

Outcrop fracture characterization on suppositional planes cutting through digital outcrop models (DOMs)