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Earlier studies have shown that the power consumption of an unbaffled stirredvessel decreases significantly when the regular blades are replaced by fractalones. In this paper, the physical explanation for this reduction isinvestigated using Direct Numerical Simulations at Re=1600. The gaps around thefractal blade perimeter create jets that penetrate inside the recirculationzone in the wake and break up the trailing vortices into smaller ones. Thisaffects the time-average recirculation pattern on the suction side. The volumeof the separation region is 7% smaller in the wake of the fractal blades. Thelower torque of the fractal impeller is equivalent to a decreased transport ofangular momentum; this difference stems from the reduced turbulent transportinduced by the smaller trailing vortices. The major difference in the turbulentdissipation is seen in the vicinity of trailing vortices, due to fluctuationsof velocity gradients at relatively low frequencies.

Reduced energy consumption in stirred vessels by means of fractal impellers