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SoLid, located at SCK-CEN in Mol, Belgium, is a reactor antineutrinoexperiment at a very short baseline of 5.5 - 10m aiming at the search forsterile neutrinos and for high precision measurement of the neutrino energyspectrum of Uranium-235. It uses a novel approach using Lithium-6 sheets andPVT cubes as scintillators for tagging the Inverse Beta-Decay products (neutronand positron). Being located overground and close to the BR2 research reactor,the experiment faces a large amount of backgrounds. Efficient real-timebackground and noise rejection is essential in order to increase thesignal-background ratio for precise oscillation measurement and decrease dataproduction to a rate which can be handled by the online software. Therefore, areliable distinction between the neutrons and background signals is crucial.This can be performed online with a dedicated firmware trigger. A peak countingalgorithm and an algorithm measuring time over threshold have been identifiedas performing well both in terms of efficiency and fake rate, and have beenimplemented onto an FPGA. After having introduced the experimental andtheoretical background of neutrino oscillation physics, as well as SoLid'sdetector technology, read-out system and trigger scheme, the thesis presentsthe design of the firmware neutron trigger implemented by applying machinelearning methods.

Development & Implementation of the Trigger for a Short-baseline Reactor Antineutrino Experiment (SoLid)