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We have directly imaged reversible electrical switching of the cycloidalrotation direction (magnetic polarity) in a (111)-BiFeO3 epitaxial-film deviceat room temperature by non-resonant x-ray magnetic scattering. Consistent withprevious reports, fully relaxed (111)-BiFeO3 epitaxial films consisting of asingle ferroelectric domain were found to comprise a sub-micron-scale mosaic ofmagneto-elastic domains, all sharing a common direction of the magneticpolarity, which was found to switch reversibly upon reversal of theferroelectric polarization without any measurable change of the magneto-elasticdomain population. A real-space polarimetry map of our device clearlydistinguished between regions of the sample electrically addressed into the twomagnetic states with a resolution of a few tens of micron. Contrary to thegeneral belief that the magneto-electric coupling in BiFeO3 is weak, we findthat electrical switching has a dramatic effect on the magnetic structure, withthe magnetic moments rotating on average by 90 degrees at every cycle.

Electrical switching of magnetic polarity in a multiferroic BiFeO3 device at room temperature