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The discharge of polydisperse grains in a two-dimensional silo, operating ina continuous-discharge mode, is studied with the help of soft-particle discreteelement simulations. We find that the mass flow rate displays similar variationwith vertical normal stress at the base and the transition-point in the bulk,signifying that the base normal stress can be considered as a representative ofits bulk counterpart. The variation of the base and transition-point normalstresses with fill height follows the Janssen's model, with the former beinglarger than the latter. The transition-point ($y_t$) is defined as the verticalextent of Region of Orifice Influence (ROOI), which is situated directly abovethe orifice in its neighbourhood. The transition-point occurs largely at thesame location irrespective of the fill height. It shifts, however, uponchanging the orifice size, indicating its occurrence to be a localizedphenomenon. Finally, the scaling of the vertical velocities at thetransition-point and outlet uncovers $y_t$ to be a more relevant length scalethan the orifice size $D$. This scaling provides a new insight into thedynamics of the silo discharge in the case where the flow rate varies but thenormal stress stays largely invariant to change in the orifice size.

Connection between the mass flow rate and the base and bulk normal stresses in silo discharge