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Characterization of host responses associated with severe malaria through anintegrative approach is necessary to understand the dynamics of a\textit{Plasmodium cynomolgi} infection. In this study, we conducted temporalimmune profiling, cytokine profiling and transcriptomic analysis of five\textit{Macaca mulatta} infected with \textit{P. cynomolgi}. This experimentresulted in two severe infections, and two mild infections. Our analysisreveals that differential transcriptional up-regulation of genes linked withresponse to pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) and pro-inflammatorycytokines is characteristic of hosts experiencing severe malaria. Furthermore,our analysis discovered associations of transcriptional differential regulationunique to severe hosts with specific cellular and cytokine responses. Thecombined data provide a molecular and cellular basis for the development ofsevere malaria during \textit{P. cynomolgi} infection.

Correlates of severity of disease in Macaca mulatta infected with Plasmodium cynomolgi