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In this paper, a new approach for multiple access (MA) in fifth generation(5G) of cellular networks called power domain sparse code multiple access(PSMA) is proposed. In PSMA, we adopt both the power domain and the code domainto transmit multiple users' signals over a subcarrier simultaneously. In such amodel, the same SCMA codebook can be used by multiple users where, for theseusers, power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA) technique is usedto send signals non-orthogonally. Although different SCMA codebooks areorthogonal and produce no interference over each other, the same codebook usedby multiple users produces interference over these users. We investigate thesignal model as well as the receiver and transmitter of the PSMA method. Toevaluate the performance of PSMA, we consider a heterogeneous cellular network(HetNet). In this case our design objective is to maximize the system sum rateof the network subject to some system level and QoS constraints such astransmit power constraints. We formulate the proposed resource allocationproblem as an optimization problem and solve it by successive convexapproximation (SCA) techniques. Moreover, we compare PSMA with sparse codemultiple access (SCMA) and PD-NOMA from the performance and computationalcomplexity perspective. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach isinvestigated using numerical results. We show that by a reasonable increase incomplexity, PSMA can improve the spectral efficiency about 50\% compared toSCMA and PD-NOMA.

A New Multiple Access Technique for 5G: Power Domain Sparse Code Multiple Access (PSMA)