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We demonstrate a technique for obtaining the density of atomic vapor, bydoing a fit of the resonant absorption spectrum to a density-matrix model. Inorder to demonstrate the usefulness of the technique, we apply it to absorptionin the ${\rm D_2}$ line of a Cs vapor cell at room temperature. The lineshapeof the spectrum is asymmetric due to the role of open transitions. Thisasymmetry is explained in the model using transit-time relaxation as the atomstraverse the laser beam. We also obtain the latent heat of evaporation bystudying the number density as a function of temperature close to roomtemperature.

Finding the number density of atomic vapor by studying its absorption profile