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In this paper, the performance of multiple-input multiple-outputnon-orthogonal multiple access (MIMO-NOMA) is investigated when multiple usersare grouped into a cluster. The superiority of MIMO-NOMA over MIMO orthogonalmultiple access (MIMO-OMA) in terms of both sum channel capacity and ergodicsum capacity is proved analytically. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that themore users are admitted to a cluster, the lower is the achieved sum rate, whichillustrates the tradeoff between the sum rate and maximum number of admittedusers. On this basis, a user admission scheme is proposed, which is optimal interms of both sum rate and number of admitted users when thesignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio thresholds of the users are equal. Whenthese thresholds are different, the proposed scheme still achieves goodperformance in balancing both criteria. Moreover, under certain conditions,itmaximizes the number of admitted users. In addition, the complexity of theproposed scheme is linear to the number of users per cluster. Simulationresults verify the superiority of MIMO-NOMA over MIMO-OMA in terms of both sumrate and user fairness, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed useradmission scheme.

Capacity Comparison between MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA with Multiple Users in a Cluster