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In this paper, two novel hybrid beamforming methods are proposed to reducethe cost and power consumption of hybrid beamformers with subconnected phaseshifter network structure in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)systems. This is achieved by replacing some of the phase shifters with switcheswhich, in general, are cheaper and have lower power consumption compared tophase shifters. The proposed methods and the closed-form expressions of theirperformance are derived according to the properties of the elements of thesingular vectors of the channel matrix. In the first approach, it is shown thatby combining the subconnected phase shifter network with a fully-connectedswitch architecture, the number of the phase shifters can be reduced up to 50\%while the spectral efficiency is preserved. Then, in order to simplify thestructure of the switch network, the fully-connected switches is replaced bysubconnected switch network, e.g. binary switches. The analytical andsimulation results indicate that just by using 25% of phase shifters 90%spectral efficiency can be achieved. Finally, simulation results indicate thatsimilar behavior is observed when the wireless channel is considered to besparse or correlated.

Hybrid Beamforming with Reduced Number of Phase Shifters for Massive MIMO Systems