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This paper introduces a formal method to model the level of demand on controlwhen executing cognitive processes. The cost of cognitive control is parsedinto an intensity cost which encapsulates how much additional input informationis required so as to get the specified response, and an interaction cost whichencapsulates the level of interference between individual processes in anetwork. We develop a formal relationship between the probability of successfulexecution of desired processes and the control signals (additive controlbiases). This relationship is also used to specify optimal control policies toachieve a desired probability of activation for processes. We observe thatthere are boundary cases when finding such control policies which leads us tointroduce the interaction cost. We show that the interaction cost is influencedby the relative strengths of individual processes, as well as thedirectionality of the underlying competition between processes.

A Formal Approach to Modeling the Cost of Cognitive Control