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Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a novel imaging modality with importantapplications such as angiography, stem cell tracking, and cancer imaging.Recently, there have been efforts to increase the functionality of MPI viamulti-color imaging methods that can distinguish the responses of differentnanoparticles, or nanoparticles in different environmental conditions. Theproposed techniques typically rely on extensive calibrations that capture thedifferences in the harmonic responses of the nanoparticles. In this work, wepropose a method to directly estimate the relaxation time constant of thenanoparticles from the MPI signal, which is then used to generate a multi-colorrelaxation map. The technique is based on the underlying mirror symmetry of theadiabatic MPI signal when the same region is scanned back and forth. Wevalidate the proposed method via extensive simulations, and via experiments onour in-house Magnetic Particle Spectrometer (MPS) setup at 550 Hz and ourin-house MPI scanner at 9.7 kHz. Our results show that nanoparticles can besuccessfully distinguished with the proposed technique, without any calibrationor prior knowledge about the nanoparticles.

Calibration-Free Relaxation-Based Multi-Color Magnetic Particle Imaging