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In this paper we present a new 3D segmentation approach for the vertebrae ofthe lower thoracic and the lumbar spine in spiral computed tomography datasets.We implemented a multi-step procedure. Its main components are deformablemodels, volume growing, and morphological operations. The performance analysisthat included an evaluation of accuracy using the European Spine Phantom, andof intra-operator precision using clinical CT datasets from 10 patientshighlight the potential for clinical use. The intra-operator precision of thesegmentation procedure was better than 1% for Bone Mineral Density (BMD) andbetter than 1.8% for volume. The long-term goal of this work is to enablebetter fracture prediction and improved patient monitoring in the field ofosteoporosis. A true 3D segmentation also enables an accurate measurement ofgeometrical parameters that can augment the classical measurement of BMD.

A New 3D Method to Segment the Lumbar Vertebral Bodies and to Determine Bone Mineral Density and Geometry