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This letter considers the architecture of distributed antenna system, whichis made up of a massive number of single-antenna remote radio heads (RRHs),some with full-resolution but others with low-resolution analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC) receivers. This architecture is greatly motivated by its highenergy efficiency and low-cost implementation. We derive the worst-case uplinkspectral efficiency (SE) of the system assuming a frequency-flat channel andmaximum-ratio combining (MRC), and reveal that the SE increases as the numberof quantization bits for the low-resolution ADCs increases, and the SEconverges as the number of RRHs with low-resolution ADCs grows. Our resultsfurthermore demonstrate that a great improvement can be obtained by adding amajority of RRHs with low-resolution ADC receivers, if sufficient quantizationprecision and an acceptable proportion of high-to-low resolution RRHs are used.

The Distributed MIMO Scenario: Can Ideal ADCs Be Replaced by Low-resolution ADCs?