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A non-intrusive method to measure particle interaction using only the thermalmotion of the particles is applied to a vertically aligned dust particle pairin a complex plasma. The scanning mode spectra (SMS) are obtained by trackingthe thermal motion of the grains, with the interaction strength then determinedfrom the frequencies and the eigenvector configuration of the normal modes. Theinteraction of the bottom particle acting on the top particle is shown to beYukawa-like with the screening length suppressed against the ion flow. Theinteraction of the top particle acting on the bottom particle is repulsive inthe vertical direction and attractive in the horizontal direction. The verticalinteraction from the top to bottom particle is stronger than that from thebottom to top particle, agreeing with an extended ion wake tail as predicted bythe inhomogeneous ion wake theory. Determination of the horizontal attractionstrength serves as a direct verification and quantification of the ion wakeeffect. Heating of the lower particle in both the vertical and horizontaldirections is observed and quantitatively related to the nonreciprocity of theinteraction. The in situ confinement strength at the position of the bottomparticle is found to be consistently lower than at the position of the topparticle, caused by decharging of the lower particle by 10-30% while inside theion wake of the top particle.

Determination of interaction between a dust particle pair in complex plasmas