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Information delivery using chemical molecules is an integral part of biologyat multiple distance scales and has attracted recent interest in bioengineeringand communication theory. Potential applications include cooperative networkswith a large number of simple devices that could be randomly located (e.g., dueto mobility). This paper presents the first tractable analytical model for thecollective signal strength due to randomly-placed transmitters in athree-dimensional (3D) large-scale molecular communication system, either withor without degradation in the propagation environment. Transmitter locations inan unbounded and homogeneous fluid are modelled as a homogeneous Poisson pointprocess. By applying stochastic geometry, analytical expressions are derivedfor the expected number of molecules absorbed by a fully-absorbing receiver orobserved by a passive receiver. The bit error probability is derived underON/OFF keying and either a constant or adaptive decision threshold. Resultsreveal that the combined signal strength increases proportionately with thetransmitter density, and the minimum bit error probability can be improved byintroducing molecule degradation. Furthermore, the analysis of the system canbe generalized to other receiver designs and other performance characteristicsin large-scale molecular communication systems.

Analyzing Large-Scale Multiuser Molecular Communication via 3D Stochastic Geometry