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We study an anomalous behavior observed in interacting E. coli populations.When two populations of E. coli are placed on opposite ends of a long channelwith a supply of nutrient between them, they will travel as pulses toward oneanother up the nutrient gradient. We present experimental evidence that,counterintuitively, the two pulses will in some cases change direction and be-gin moving away from each other and the nutrient back toward the end of thechannel from which they originated. Simulations of the Keller-Segel chemotaxismodel reproduce the experimental results. To gain better insight to thephenomenon, we introduce a heuristic approximation to the spatial profile ofeach population in the Keller-Segel model to derive a system of ordinarydifferential equations approximating the temporal dynamics of its center ofmass and width. This approximate model simplifies analysis of the globaldynamics of the bacterial system and allows us to efficiently explore thequalitative behavior changes across variations of parameters, and therebyprovides experimentally testable hypotheses about the mechanisms behind theturnaround behavior.

Interactions of Solitary Pulses of E. coli in a One-Dimensional Nutrient Gradient