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A weakly nonlinear theory has been proposed and developed for calculating theenergy- transfer rate to individual waves in a group. It is shown what portionof total energy- transfer rate, over the envelope of wave group, affectsindividual waves in the group. From this an expression for complex phase speedof individual waves is calculated. It is deduced that each wave in a group doesnot grow at the same rate. It is shown that the critical layer is no longersymmetrical compared with the ideal monochromatic waves. This asymmetry causesthe critical layer height to be lower over the downwind part. Therefore thepositive growth of the individual waves on the upwind part of the wave groupexceeds the negative growth on the downwind part (which would not be true if$z_c$, where the mean flow $U$ is equal to the speed of the wave propagation,was the same over the whole group). This leads to the critical layer groupeffect producing a net horizontal force on the waves, in addition to thesheltering effect. Computational simulations over a non-growing wave group isalso presented, which confirms the above postulation made by Sajjadi, Hunt andDrullion (2014) (SHD).

Growth of unsteady wave groups by shear flows