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From 1972 and the Meadows report to 1997 and the ratification of the KyotoProtocol by most of the countries in the world, the global energy policyframework has undergone a paradigm shift, as human societies have been leavingaside the sole economic growth to embrace the broader concept of sustainabledevelopment. As new electrification vectors, modern renewable power systems,such as solar PV, have sprung up in the wake of this major mutation and havetypically been following an exponential growth since the mid-nineties.Electricity as well as its lack indeed holds a central position within thehuman development apparatus, from highly interconnected centralized powernetworks reaching 100 % of the population in developed countries, to the almost500 millions people without access to electricity in the multidimensionallypoor rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. The encounter of the worldwide energycontext being changed with each of these specific social-energy paradigms hasended up considering two strategies for integrating renewable resources inpower systems: the grid-connected architecture for meeting the sustainabledevelopment requirements, and the rural off-grid electrification for settlingthe lack of human development. By means of a historical and cross-sectionaloverview, we depict here the ins and outs of this protean pattern and, usingthe case of solar PV, analyze how it has eventually affected the developmentand sustainability of renewable power systems in Sub-Saharan Africa.

On the impact of the global energy policy framework on the development  and sustainability of renewable power systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case  of solar PV