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We outline a general framework to use coordinated multi-point (CoMP)transmission technology in downlink multi-cell non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA) systems considering distributed power allocation at each cell. In thisframework, CoMP transmission is used for users experiencing strongreceive-signals from multiple cells while each cell adopts NOMA for resourceallocation to its active users. After a brief review of the working principlesof different CoMP schemes, we identify their applicability and necessaryconditions for their use in downlink multi-cell NOMA system. After that, wediscuss different network scenarios with different spatial distributions ofusers and study the applicability of CoMP schemes in these network scenarios.To the end, a numerical performance evaluation is carried out for the proposedCoMP-NOMA systems and the results are compared with those for conventionalorthogonal multiple access (OMA)-based CoMP systems. The numerical resultsquantify the spectral efficiency gain of the proposed CoMP-NOMA models overCoMP-OMA. Finally, we conclude this article by identifying the potential majorchallenges in implementing CoMP-NOMA in future cellular systems.

Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) Transmission in Downlink Multi-cell NOMA Systems: Models and Spectral Efficiency Performance