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We study the effect of proton irradiation onBa(Fe$_{0.96}$Co$_{0.04}$)$_2$As$_2$ superconducting single crystals fromcombined magnetisation and magnetoresistivity measurements. The study allowsthe extraction of the values of the apparent pinning energy $U_0$ of thesamples prior to and after irradiation, as well as comparison of the values of$U_0$ obtained from the flux-flow reversible region with those from theflux-creep irreversible region. Irradiation reduces $T_c$ modestly, butsignificantly reduces $U_0$ in both regimes: the critical current density $J_c$is modified, most strikingly by the disappearance of the second magnetisationpeak after irradiation. Analysis of the functional form of the pinning forceand of the temperature dependence of $J_c$ for zero field, indicates thatproton irradiation in this case has not changed the pinning regime, but hasintroduced a high density of shallow point-like defects. By consideration of amodel that takes into account the effect of disorder on the irreversibilityline, the data suggests that irradiation produced a considerable reduction inthe average effective disorder overall, consistent with the changes observed in$U_0$ and $J_c$.

Effects of proton irradiation on flux-pinning properties of underdoped Ba(Fe$_{0.96}$Co$_{0.04}$)$_2$As$_2$ pnictide superconductor