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Using the same measurement techniques as those of Saket et al. (2017), wehave investigated the breaking threshold proposed by Barthelemy et al.(arXiv:1508.06002v1, 2015b) but for different classes of unforcedunidirectional wave groups in intermediate water depths in the laboratory. Thethreshold parameter $B_x = U_s/C$ (where $U_s$ is the horizontal surface waterparticle velocity at the wave crest and $C$ is the wave crest point speed)which distinguishes breaking from non-breaking waves was found to be 0.835$\pm$ 0.005 with the experimental uncertainty of each data point of $\pm$0.020. This threshold is applicable to water depth to wave length ratios as lowas 0.2 including the deep water conditions investigated by Saket et al. (2017).No dependence on peak spectral wavenumber was found at the scales achievable ina large-scale laboratory.  The present study provides more robust and universal characterisation ofbreaking in transitional water than the empirical non-dimensionalisation ofNelson (1994). The limiting wave height to water depth ratios of marginallybreaking deep and intermediate water waves remain within 10 % of Nelson'svalues. However, it is shown that the effect of wave grouping can produce wavesin shallower water that are at least 30 % greater in height than the limitproposed by Nelson (1994). The present study supports use of limits based onMcCowan (1894) and Miche (1944) for coastal engineering design for marginalbreaking waves. Three-dimensional and more strongly breaking waves in shallowerwater may yield wave heights higher than those measured during this study.

Wave breaking onset of two-dimensional wave groups in uniform intermediate depth water