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In this work, we address the issue of peaking of piezoelectric response at aparticular composition in the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region of(Pb0.940Sr0.06)(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PSZT) piezoelectric ceramics. We present resultsof synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction, dielectric, piezoelectric and soundvelocity studies to critically examine the applicability of various models forthe peaking of physical properties. It is shown that the models based on theconcepts of phase coexistence, polarization rotation due to monoclinicstructure, tricritical point and temperature dependent softening of elasticmodulus may enhance the piezoelectric response in the MPB region in general butcannot explain its peaking at a specific composition. Our results reveal thatthe high value of piezoelectric response for the MPB compositions in PSZT atx=0.530 is due to the softening of the elastic modulus as a function ofcomposition. The softening of elastic modulus facilitates the generation oflarge piezoelectric strain and polarization on approaching the MPB compositionof x=0.530. This new finding based on the softening of elastic modulus may pavethe way forward for discovering/designing new lead-free environmentallyfriendly piezoelectric materials and revolutionize the field of piezoelectricceramics.

Origin of high piezoelectricity at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in (Pb0.94Sr0.06)(ZrxTi1-x)O3