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The mathematical modelling of species transport in the turbulent boundarylayer of fluids that precipitate on the wall, is an important topic at theheart of one of the biggest challenges in efficient energy utilization in allprocess industries; namely the fouling of heat exchangers. A major contributorto the complexity of the problem is the multi-length-scale nature of thegoverning phenomena. That is, transport mechanisms dominating at the nano-scalemay be responsible for the macroscopic performance of the industrial process.This paper addresses some of the challenges that need to be met in modellingthe boundary conditions, i.e. the atomic/molecular-scale conditions, for thespecies-specific mass conservation equations, at the wall, for single-phase,multi-component fluids that precipitate at the wall.

On the wall boundary conditions for species-specific mass conservation  equations in mathematical modelling of direct precipitation fouling from  supersaturated, multi-component fluid mixtures