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Optical frequency combs generated in normally dispersive Kerr microresonatorshave been observed to correspond to dark temporal structures, and theoreticallyexplained as interlocked switching waves (also known as domain walls orfronts). The time-domain dynamics that underpin the formation of this type offrequency combs has however so far eluded direct experimental observation. Herewe use a closely related system - a synchronously driven optical fibre ringresonator - to experimentally study the dynamics of deterministically excitedswitching waves. We measure the switching wave velocities across broadparameter regions, and observe clear signatures of interlocking behaviourleading to the formation of persisting dark pulses. Our experimental findingsare in good agreement with simulations of the mean-field Lugiato-Lefeverequation, and strongly support the nature of normal-dispersion microresonatorfrequency combs suggested in the literature.

Experimental and numerical investigations of switching wave dynamics in a normally dispersive fiber ring resonator