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The rising attention to the spreading of fake news and unsubstantiated rumorson online social media and the pivotal role played by confirmation bias ledresearchers to investigate different aspects of the phenomenon. Experimentalevidence showed that confirmatory information gets accepted even if containingdeliberately false claims while dissenting information is mainly ignored ormight even increase group polarization. It seems reasonable that, to addressmisinformation problem properly, we have to understand the main determinantsbehind content consumption and the emergence of narratives on online socialmedia. In this paper we address such a challenge by focusing on the discussionaround the Italian Constitutional Referendum by conducting a quantitative,cross-platform analysis on both Facebook public pages and Twitter accounts. Weobserve the spontaneous emergence of well-separated communities on bothplatforms. Such a segregation is completely spontaneous, since nocategorization of contents was performed a priori. By exploring the dynamicsbehind the discussion, we find that users tend to restrict their attention to aspecific set of Facebook pages/Twitter accounts. Finally, taking advantage ofautomatic topic extraction and sentiment analysis techniques, we are able toidentify the most controversial topics inside and across both platforms. Wemeasure the distance between how a certain topic is presented in theposts/tweets and the related emotional response of users. Our results provideinteresting insights for the understanding of the evolution of the corenarratives behind different echo chambers and for the early detection ofmassive viral phenomena around false claims.

Public discourse and news consumption on online social media: A quantitative, cross-platform analysis of the Italian Referendum