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Vector-borne diseases with reservoir cycles are complex to understand becausenew infections come from contacts of the vector with humans and differentreservoirs. In this scenario, the basic reproductive number $\mathcal{R}^h_0$of the system where the reservoirs are not included could turn out to be lessthan one, yet, an endemic equilibrium be observed. Indeed, when the reservoirsare taken back into account, the basic reproductive number $\mathcal{R}_0^r$,of only vectors and reservoirs, explains the endemic state. Furthermore,reservoirs cycles with a small basic reproductive number could contribute toreach an endemic state in the human cycle. Therefore, when controlling for thespread of a disease, it could not be enough to focus on specific reservoircycles or only on the vector. In this work, we created a simple epidemiologicalmodel with a network of reservoirs where $\mathcal{R}_0^r$ is a bifurcationparameter of the system, explaining disease endemicity in the absence of astrong reservoir cycle. This simple model may help to explain transmissiondynamics of diseases such as Chagas, Leishmaniasis and Dengue.

The role of disease cycles in the endemicity of infectious diseases