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Next generation cellular networks will experience the combination offemtocells, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communications and massive antennaarrays. Thanks to the beamforming capability as well as the high angularresolution provided by massive arrays, only one single access point (AP) actingas an anchor node could be used for localization estimation, thus avoidingover-sized infrastructures dedicated to positioning. In this context, our paperaims at investigating the localization and orientation performance limitsemploying massive arrays both at the AP and mobile side. Thus, we firstasymptotically demonstrate the tightness of the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) inmassive array regime, and in the presence or not of multipath. Successively, wepropose a comparison between MIMO and beamforming in terms of array structure,time synchronization error and multipath components. Among different arrayconfigurations, we consider also random weighting as a trade-off between thehigh diversity gain of MIMO and the high directivity guaranteed by phasedarrays. By evaluating the CRB for the different array configurations, resultsshow the interplay between diversity and beamforming gain as well as thebenefits achievable by varying the number of array elements in terms oflocalization accuracy.

Single Anchor Localization and Orientation Performance Limits using Massive Arrays: MIMO vs. Beamforming