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Instantaneous or statistical channel state information (CSI) is needed formost detection schemes developed in the molecular communication (MC)literature. Since the MC channel changes, e.g., due to variations in thevelocity of flow, the temperature, or the distance between transmitter andreceiver, CSI acquisition has to be conducted repeatedly to keep track of CSIvariations. Frequent CSI acquisition may entail a large overhead whereasinfrequent CSI acquisition may result in a low CSI estimation quality. To copewith these issues, we design codes which facilitate maximum likelihood sequencedetection at the receiver without instantaneous or statistical CSI. Inparticular, assuming concentration shift keying modulation, we show that aclass of codes, referred to as strongly constant-weight (SCW) codes, enablesoptimal CSI-free sequence detection at the cost of decreasing the data rate.For the proposed SCW codes, we analyze the code rate and the error rate.Simulation results verify our analytical derivations and reveal that theproposed CSI-free detector for SCW codes outperforms the baseline coherent andnon-coherent detectors for uncoded transmission.

SCW Codes for Optimal CSI-Free Detection in Diffusive Molecular Communications