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We develop a variable population age-structured ODE model to investigate therole of Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) in averting malaria-inducedmortalities in children, as well as its related cost in promoting the spread ofanti-malarial drug resistance. IPT, a malaria control strategy in which a fullcurative dose of an antimalarial medication is administered to vulnerableasymptomatic individuals at specified intervals, has been shown to have apositive impact on reducing malaria transmission and deaths in children andpregnant women. However, it can also promote drug resistance spread. Ourmathematical model is used to explore IPT effects on drug resistance inholoendemic malaria regions while quantifying the benefits in deaths averted.Our model includes both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of theparasite as well as interactions between human hosts and mosquitoes. The basicreproduction numbers for both strains as well as the invasion reproductionnumbers are derived and used to examine the role of IPT on drug resistance.Numerical simulations show the individual and combined effects of IPT andtreatment of symptomatic infections on the prevalence levels of both parasitestrains and on the number of lives saved. The results suggest that while IPTcan indeed save lives, particularly in the high transmission region, certaincombinations of drugs used for IPT and drugs used to treat symptomaticinfection may result in more deaths when resistant parasite strains arecirculating. Moreover, the half-lives of the treatment and IPT drugs used playan important role in the extent to which IPT may influence the rate of spreadof the resistant strain. A sensitivity analysis indicates the model outcomesare most sensitive to the reduction factor of transmission for the resistantstrain, rate of immunity loss, and the clearance rate of sensitive infections.

Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT): Its role in averting  disease-induced mortalities in children and in promoting the spread of  antimalarial drug resistance