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Studying the structure of nucleons is not only important to understanding thestrong interactions of quarks and gluons, but also to improving the precisionof new-physics searches. Since a broad class of experiments, including the LHCand dark-matter detection, require Standard-Model backgrounds with partondistribution functions (PDFs) as inputs for disentangling SM contributions frompotential new physics. For a long time, lattice calculations of the PDFs (aswell as many hadron structures) has been limited to the first few moments. Inthis talk, we present a first direct calculation of the Bjorken-x dependence ofthe PDFs using Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET). An exploratory study ofthe antiquark/sea flavor asymmetry of these distributions will be discussed.This breakthrough opens an exciting new frontier calculating more complicatedquantities, such as gluon structure and transverse-momentum dependence, whichwill complement existing theoretical programs for the upcoming Electron-IonCollider (EIC) or Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHeC).

From C to Parton Sea: Bjorken-x Dependence of the PDFs