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Ancient regional routes were vital for interactions between settlements anddeeply influenced the development of past societies and their"complexification". At the same time, since any transportation infrastructureneeds some level of inter-settlement cooperation to be established, they canalso be regarded as an epiphenomenon of social interactions at the regionalscale. Here, we propose to analyze ancient pathway networks to understand theorganization of cities and villages located in a certain territory, attemptingto clarify whether such organization existed and if so, how it functioned. Toaddress such a question, we chose a quantitative approach. Adopting networkscience as a general framework, by means of formal models, we try to identifyhow the collective effort that produced the terrestrial infrastructure wasdirected and organized. We selected a paradigmatic case study: Iron Agesouthern Etruria, a very well-studied context, with detailed archaeologicalinformation about settlement patterns and an established tradition of studieson terrestrial transportation routes, perfectly suitable for testing newtechniques. The results of the modelling suggest that a balanced coordinateddecision-making process was shaping the route network in Etruria, a scenariowhich correlates well with the picture elaborated by different scholars using amore traditional technique.

Modelling terrestrial route networks to understand inter-polity interactions (southern Etruria, 950-500 BC)