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The technique of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows to measure theoxygenation of the brain tissue. The particular problems involved in detectingregional brain oxygenation (rSO2) are discussed. The dominant chromophore(light absorber) in tissue is water. Only in the NIR light region of 650-1000nm, the overall absorption is sufficiently low, and the NIR light can bedetected across a thick layer of tissues, among them the skin, the scull andthe brain. In this region, there are many absorbing light chromophores, butonly three are important as far as the oxygenation is concerned. They are thehemoglobin (HbO2), the deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) and cytochrome oxidase (CtOx). Thedevices that were used in our experiments were : Somanetics INVOS BrainOximeter (IBO) and Toomim's HEG spectrophotometer. The performances of bothdevices were compared including their merits and drawbacks. The IBO use forresearch has two drawbacks: the sampling rate is too small and the readings arelimited to only two significant digits. The HEG device does not have thesedrawbacks, but is not developed sufficiently at this time to measure rSO2. Wehave measured the HEG readings and compared them with the rSO2 readings of theIBO. Results of an experiment are presented whose aim is to explore therelationship between respiration and cerebral oxygenation. Measurements of endtidal CO2 (EtCO2) were taken simultaneously with cerebral oxygen saturation(rSO2) using the INVOS Cerebral Oximeter of Somanetics. Due to the devicelimitations we could explore only subjects who could perform with a breathingrate of around 2/min or less. The results of all subjects clearly show aperiodic change of cerebral oxygenation with the same period as the breathingexercises.

Probing Brain Oxygenation Wave-forms with Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)