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We derive analytic approximations of neutrino luminosities and heatcapacities of neutron stars with nucleon cores valid for a wide class ofequations of state of dense nucleon matter. The neutrino luminosities areapproximated for the three cases in which they are produced by (i) direct Urcaor (ii) modified Urca processes in non-superfluid matter, or (iii)neutrino-pair bremsstrahlung in neutron-neutron collisions (when other neutrinoreactions are suppressed by strong proton superfluidity). The heat capacity isapproximated for the two cases of (i) non-superfluid cores and (ii) the coreswith strong proton superfluidity. The results can greatly simplify numericalsimulations of cooling neutron stars with isothermal interiors at the neutrinoand photon cooling stages as well as simulations of quasi-stationary internalthermal states of neutron stars in X-ray transients. For illustration, amodel-independent analysis of thermal states of the latter sources is outlined.

Analytic approximations of neutrino luminosities and heat capacities of neutron stars with nucleon cores