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The Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) algorithms specified in ETSI ITSstandards [1] address the IEEE 802.11p MAC and provide reliability of periodicbroadcast messages at high density of vehicles. However, the deterministicrelation between controllable parameters, e.g. transmit power, frame duration,frame transmit rate and channel clear assessment threshold, and the effects ofDCC algorithms, e.g. channel busy duration, frame interference-free receptionprobability and frame channel access delay, is still unknown since a correctmathematical analysis of the hidden station problem in CSMA networks islacking. In this work, the hidden station problem in a linear IEEE 802.11pbroadcast network is analyzed based on analytical results developed in [18]employing a modified MAC protocol model based on [3]. Simulation resultsvalidate the new analytical model for linear IEEE 802.11p networks w.r.treliability and latency performances of Cooperative Awareness Messagebroadcast. Evidence is given that the model not only is valid for single-lanehighways but also provides good approximate results for multi-lane highwayscenarios. Our MAC layer analytical model of IEEE 802.11p broadcast reveals thequantitative relation between DCC parameters and congestion control effects inclosed-form solution for linear vehicular networks.

IEEE 802.11p-based Packet Broadcast in Radio Channels with Hidden Stations and Congestion Control