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Establishing a quantitative connection between the population growth rate andthe generation times of single cells is a prerequisite for understandingevolutionary dynamics of microbes. However, existing theories fail to accountfor the experimentally observed correlations between mother-daughter generationtimes that are unavoidable when cell size is controlled for - which isessentially always the case. Here, we study population-level growth in thepresence of cell size control and corroborate our theory using experimentalmeasurements of single-cell growth rates. We derive a closed formula for thepopulation growth rate and demonstrate that it only depends on the single-cellgrowth rate variability, not other sources of stochasticity. Our work providesan evolutionary rationale for the narrow growth rate distributions oftenobserved in nature: when single-cell growth rates are less variable but have afixed mean, the population will exhibit an enhanced population growth rate, aslong as the correlations between the mother and daughter cells' growth ratesare not too strong.

The effects of stochasticity at the single-cell level and cell size control on the population growth