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Next-generation communication networks will likely involve theenergy-efficient transfer of information and energy over the same wirelesschannel, for which the physical layer will become more vulnerable to cyberattacks by potential multi-antenna eavesdroppers. To address this issue, thispaper considers transmit time-switching (TS) mode, in which energy andinformation signals are transmitted separately in time by the BS. This protocolis not only easy to implement but also delivers the opportunity ofmulti-purpose beamforming, in which energy beamformers during wireless powertransfer are useful in jamming the eavesdropper. In the presence of imperfectchannel estimation and multi-antenna eavesdroppers, the energy and informationbeamformers and the transmit TS ratio are jointly optimized to maximize theworst-case user secrecy rate subject to UEs' harvested energy thresholds and aBS transmit power budget. New robust path-following algorithms, which involveone simple convex quadratic program at each iteration are proposed forcomputational solutions of this difficult optimization problem and also theproblem of secure energy efficiency maximization. The latter is further complexdue to additional optimization variables appearing in the denominator of thesecrecy rate function. Numerical results confirm that the performance of theproposed computational solutions is robust against the channel uncertainties.

Secure and Energy-Efficient Beamforming for Simultaneous Information and Energy Transfer