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This paper addresses the problem of robust clock phase offset estimation forthe IEEE 1588 precision time protocol (PTP) in the presence of delay attacks.Delay attacks are one of the most effective cyber attacks in PTP, as theycannot be mitigated using typical security measures. In this paper, we considerthe case where the slave node can exchange synchronization messages withmultiple master nodes synchronized to the same clock. We first provide lowerbounds on the best achievable performance for any phase offset estimationscheme in the presence of delay attacks. We then present a novel phase offsetestimation scheme that employs the Expectation-Maximization algorithm fordetecting which of the master-slave communication links have been subject todelay attacks. After discarding information from the links identified asattacked, which we show to be optimal, the optimal vector location parameterestimator is employed to estimate the phase offset of the slave node.Simulation results are presented to show that the proposed phase offsetestimation scheme exhibits performance close to the lower bounds in a widevariety of scenarios.

Estimation Theory Based Robust Phase Offset Estimation in the Presence of Delay Attacks